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Q J Med 2003; 96: 553-561
© 2003 Association of Physicians

Review

Endocrine and reproductive manifestations of sarcoidosis

N. Porter1, H.L. Beynon2 and H.S. Randeva1

From the 1Department of Medicine, Leicester Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Warwick, and 2Royal Free Hospital and UCL Medical School, London, UK

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.


   Introduction
 
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem protean disorder, characterized histologically by the presence of non-caseating epithelioid-cell granulomas in affected tissues. The aetiology of sarcoidosis remains unclear, although it is recognized as a disease of activated T lymphocytes. Sarcoidosis has an uneven distribution world-wide, with high prevalence rates in European countries such as Sweden and Denmark, compared to China or Japan. There is also geographical or community clustering of the disease. In the UK, for example, where the prevalence rate is 20 per 100 000,1 the incidence increases from north to south, offering support for the idea that a transmissible agent may play a part in the aetiology of the condition. Interestingly, the incidence and clinical course of sarcoidosis varies in different racial groups living in the same geographical area. There is a 10-fold higher annual incidence in West Indian and Asian immigrants living in London than in the indigenous White population. Furthermore, . . . [Full Text of this Article]


   Vitamin D and calcium metabolism
 

   Pituitary and hypothalamus
 

   Thyroid
 

   Adrenal glands
 

   Pancreas
 

   Reproductive system
 
Male
Female

   Endocrine autoimmunity
 

   Conclusions
 

Address correspondence to Dr H.S. Randeva, Molecular Medicine Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL. e-mail: hrandeva@bio.warwick.ac.uk


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