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Q J Med 2002; 95: 193-194
© 2002 Association of Physicians

Biologic

Get ahead!

Colin Berry

The development of the head, jaws and neck are complex processes requiring the integration of mesodermal and ectodermal growth, the control of morphogenetic movement and the formation of the neural crest. In evolutionary terms, one might suppose that these activities depended on progressively acquired functions, with an increasingly complex scheme of genetic activity. But like so much of development, making a head requires inhibitions; by default, we form a metameric (segmented) trunk like the middle of an earthworm, rather than a head. This process has to be stopped, and the way in which this is brought about illustrates some fundamental points about differentiation.

The head cannot begin to develop until antero-posterior and dorsoventral axes are formed, and this requires the suppression of the function of a number of genes. The acquisition of a dorsoventral axis requires . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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QJM, April 1, 2002; 95(4): 259 - 260.
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