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QJM 2009 102(4):233-234; doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcp035
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Association of Physicians. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

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The presenting symptoms of congestive cardiac failure (CCF) are well recognised and include peripheral oedema, tachypnoea and tachycardia. While CCF is usually associated with low cardiac output, the review article by Mehta and Dubrey considers a less commonly encountered clinical syndrome where symptoms suggestive of CCF are found with high cardiac output i.e. high output cardiac failure (HOCF). The aetiological basis for HOCF is broad and includes chronic severe anaemia, sepsis, Paget's bone disease, arterio-venous shunts and hyperthyroidism. The underlying pathophysiology is complex and involves a reduction in systemic vascular resistance with subsequent activation of neurohormones resulting in retention of both . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Michael Bannon

Editor, QJM


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