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Q J Med 2001; 94: 227-234
© 2001 Association of Physicians

Commentary

Bioterrorism

R.J. Bellamy and A.R. Freedman

From the Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK


   Introduction
 
Bioterrorism has recently become an important political issue in the US. Spending on medical defense and research against bioterrorism is rising exponentially. US$91m was spent in 1998, compared to a proposed budget of US$336.6m for the year 2000.1 Former President Clinton announced that he intended to ask Congress for a staggering US$2.85bn to counter the bioterrorist threat with funds distributed between the FBI, military intelligence, the National Security Agency and the medical and emergency services.2 In February 1999, the first ever national conference on defense against bioterrorism was organized by Johns Hopkins University. The conference was substantially oversubscribed and hundreds had to be turned away.2 Frightening scenarios of invisible clouds of anthrax and smallpox drifting through cities and killing thousands of people were described. Is this simply American paranoia, or should Britain also be concerned about the threat of bioterrorism?

Although often perceived as a recent invention, biological weapons have . . . [Full Text of this Article]


   Development of biological weapons
 

   Agents which could be used as biological weapons
 
Smallpox
Anthrax
Botulism
Plague
Tularaemia
Q fever
Viral encephalitides
Viral haemorrhagic fevers
Brucellosis
Staphylococcal enterotoxin B
Other agents

   Epidemiological principles for recognizing bioterrorism
 

   Notes
 

   References
 

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