Q J Med 2000; 93: 487-495
© 2000 Association of Physicians
Occasional paper |
Contributions by German émigrés to British medical science
From the Royal College of Physicians, London, UK
When the Nazis came to power in Germany on 30 January 1933, they produced not only gigantic political change but a revolution in science, arts and intellectual life that was bigger than any other in the history of the world. At that time, Germany led the world, especially in science, in a way no other nation had ever done. The situation changed in a matter of weeks, for one specific and simple reason. Adolf Hitler acquired total political power and he was a fanatical anti-semite. Those two facts account for the devastating damage to German science and scientists.
There was no surprise about Hitler's anti-semitic policy, only about its speed and intensity. Most Jewish scientists realized before Hitler's advent to power that professional life would become difficult or impossible for them. The change in official tone was immediate. The reason why German Jewish scientists left so quickly was that in
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