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QJM 2004 97(12):773-780; doi:10.1093/qjmed/hch132
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QJM vol. 97 no. 12 © Association of Physicians 2004; all rights reserved.

Review

Recent advances in the monitoring and management of diabetic ketoacidosis

T.M. Wallace and D.R. Matthews

From the Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is still a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in diabetes. The triad of hyperglycaemia, ketosis and acidosis can be diagnosed within a few minutes of the patient presenting, by measuring blood glucose and ketones using a meter, and venous blood pH on a blood gas analyser. Quantifying ketosis allows accurate distinction between simple hyperglycaemia and metabolic decompensation. We review the management of DKA, and the emerging role of near-patient testing in diagnosing ketosis and monitoring its resolution.

Address correspondence to Professor D.R. Matthews, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Churchill Hospital, Old Road, Oxford OX3 7LJ. e-mail: david.matthews{at}ocdem.ox.ac.uk


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