Q J Med 2002; 95: 559-569
© 2002 Association of Physicians
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The relationship between the thyroid gland and the liver
From the Centre for Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Royal Free Campus, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, UK
Thyroxine and tri-iodothyronine are essential for normal organ growth, development and function. These hormones regulate the basal metabolic rate of all cells, including hepatocytes, and thereby modulate hepatic function; the liver in turn metabolizes the thyroid hormones and regulates their systemic endocrine effects. Thyroid dysfunction may perturb liver function, liver disease modulates thyroid hormone metabolism, and a variety of systemic diseases affect both organs. We highlight the intricate relations between the thyroid gland and the liver in health and disease.
Address correspondence to Dr R. Malik, MRC Training Fellow, Centre for Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Royal Free Campus, Royal Free and University College Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, Hampstead, London NW3 2PF. e-mail: r.malik{at}rfc.ucl.ac.uk
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