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Q J Med 1995; 88: 23-28
© 1995 Association of Physicians

Biochemical markers of basement membrane disturbances and occupational exposure to hydrocarbons and mixed solvents

A. STEVENSON, M. YAQOOB1, H. MASON, P. PAI1 and G.M. BELL1,

Biomedical Sciences Group, Health and Safety Laboratory, Health & Safety Executive Sheffield 1 The Royal Liverpool University Hospital Liverpool, UK

Address correspondence to Dr G.M. Bell, Renal Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Prescot Street, Liverpool L7 8XP, UK

Received 13 June 1994 Accepted for publication 6 October 1994.


  Abstract

To investigate possible mechanisms of hydrocarbon or solvent-induced renal damage, we studied three groups of healthy men employed in a UK manufacturing plant. Group 1 (n = 111) were occupationally exposed to hydrocarbon-based paints, Group 2 (n = 100) were occupationally exposed to petroleum-based mineral oils, and Group 3 (n = 92) had low background occupational exposure to hydrocarbons. Occupational atmospheric exposure levels for toluene, xylene, butanol and oil mist around the time of this study were within UK permissible limits. Group 4 (controls) were males with no known occupational hydrocarbon or solvent exposure (n = 108). Circulating laminin antibodies and the auto-antibody implicated in Goodpasture's syndrome (anti-GBM) were measured, as were serum laminin, a basement membrane turnover marker, and soluble E-selectin, an endothelial activation marker. Group 1 had a significantly greater proportion of subjects with high levels of both anti-laminin antibodies and soluble E-selectin; Group 2 had significantly more subjects with raised anti-GBM antibodies, laminin and soluble E-selectin. Mean levels of soluble E-selectin were increased in Groups 1 and 2. In a small but significant proportion of these workers exposed to hydrocarbons/mixed solvents there are alterations both to basement membranes, resulting in autoantibody production, and to overlying vascular endothelial cells.


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