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QJM 2007 100(6):317-334; doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcm035
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Association of Physicians. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Pulmonary aspergillosis: a clinical update

O.S. Zmeili and A.O. Soubani

Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, USA

Address correspondence to Dr A.O. Soubani, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep, Harper University Hospital, 3990 John R-3 Hudson, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. email: asoubani{at}med.wayne.edu


   Abstract

Aspergillus spp may cause a variety of pulmonary diseases, depending on immune status and the presence of underlying lung disease. These manifestations range from invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in severely immunocompromised patients, to chronic necrotizing aspergillosis in patients with chronic lung disease and/or mildly compromised immune systems. Aspergilloma is mainly seen in patients with cavitary lung disease, while allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is described in patients with hypersensitivity to Aspergillus antigens. Recent major advances in the diagnosis and management of pulmonary aspergillosis include the introduction of non-invasive tests, and the development of new antifungal agents, such as azoles and echincandins, that significantly affect the management and outcome of patients with pulmonary aspergillosis. This review provides a clinical update on the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of the major syndromes associated with pulmonary aspergillosis.


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