Study n Mean (range) age (years) Sex Observation time (years) Comments Framingham40 753 60 MF 30 Decreasing t-C associated with increased total mortality Siegel et al.42 551 72 (>60) MF 4 High t-C did not predict total mortality. Forette et al.51 92 82.2 F 5 Lowest mortality in highest t-C quartile Steering Committee28 75 (60–74) MF 4 Familial hypercholesterolemia. Risk of death 0.69 compared with the normal population Zimetbaum et al.52 350 79 (75–85) MF 6.3 High t-C or LDL-C did not predict mortality Krumholz et al.44 997 78.8 MF 4 High t-C did not predict mortality Weverling-Rijnsburger et al.53 724 89 (>85) MF 10 Mortality inversely associated with t-C Jónsson et al.54 105 87 MF 15 Lowest mortality in the highest t-C quartile Räihä et al.48 347 (>65) MF 11 Mortality inversely associated with t-C and LDL-C Fried et al.55 5201 (>65) MF 5 High LDL-C did not predict mortality Chyou & Faker56 989 (>65) MF 8–10 High t-C did not predict mortality Menotti et al.57 2285 (65–84) M 10 High t-C did not predict mortality in two cohorts; in the third cohort the lowest mortality was found  in the highest t-C quartile Schatz et al.58 3572 77 (71–93) MF 20 Mortality inversely associated with t-C

Abbreviations as Table 1. Where nothing is stated, LDL-C was not analysed.